154 Soruluk Test 100 - 154 arasi

101-Born in St Lucia in 1930, Derek Walcott and his twin brother Roderick were brought up by their mother, a schoolteacher, …………….. . Derek attended school in Jamaica and studied theatre in New York, then returned to the Caribbean to found and direct the Trinidad Theatre Workshop in 1959. In addition to having published 18 volumes of poetry, he wrote 40 plays and several screenplays. In 1992, he won the Nobel prise for literature.
A)so almost all literature has been produced by descendants of people brought to the region as slaves
B)since the 1950s, a large number of people have emigrated from the Caribbean to Britain
C)however, the Caribbean is better-known for cricket than for literary figures
D)whereas sugar and rum are the main agricultural products of the region
E)because their father, an amateur poet and painter, died when they were a year old

102-………….. . It was designed and built during World War II to break the complex code used between the German High Command and front-line forces. The first model was demonstrated at Blectcley Park, the British forces intelligence centre, in December 1943, with a faster version in operation by June1944, days before D Day. Historians believe that the code-breaking made possible by Colossus shortened the war by two years.
A)The tank has become one of the most formidable weapons of ground warfare
B)The Spitfire is probably the most famous plane of the Second World War
C)The first electronic programmable computer was called Colossus
D)The code-breaking work carried out at Bletchley Park has become a British legend
E)The “Goon Show" was one of the most popular radio comedy shows of post-war Britain

103-As a book collector, you should limit your interest to certain genres, themes or --------ities of authors. For example, science fiction, Russian literature, cinema books or books on World War I. ………… . Subsequent editions, on the other hand, generally have little value, and editions issued by book clubs are worthless.
A)Choose the first topic that comes into your mind
B)Normally, the most valuable books are first editions
C)Perhaps science fiction books are the most valuable
D)Books need protection from humidity and dryness
E)Modern books can be found almost everywhere now

104-Climatologists predict that a doubling of carbon dioxide and other gases in the atmosphere will occur over the next l00years. ………. . This is an average rate much higher than at any time in the last 10,000 years.

A)Likewise, a drop in the ability to handle the effects of these chemicals may occur
B)However, other scientists foresee a much greater increase in nitrous oxide
C)It might not produce any noticeable effect on the global environmental situation
D)The level of these gases could become a serious threat to all known forms of life
E)This would lead to a rise in the Earth's temperature between 1 and 3.5 degrees

105-The number of people who go to the cinema has declined since the great days of Hollywood in the 1930s and '40s. The most likely cause is the ever-growing population of television. ……….. . Perhaps this reviving interest is because the cinema today is truly inter--------, with films being made and distributed all over the world, and reflecting many different interests and cultures.

A)There is new evidence to show that the cinema audience is gradually returning, though
B)The most famous producer of the time was Samuel Goldwin
C)Colour films were first made in the late 193Os, the most famous of which is undoubtedly "Gone with the Wind"
D)The stars of those days like Clark Gable and mien Leigh, still fascinate us decades later
E)Thus the largest film industry today is not in Hollywood, but in Bombay

106-One of the biggest factors affecting the pattern of trade has been the creation of the European Community and other similar groups of trading countries. These have been designed to make it easier and cheaper to move goods about within the group…………., which is a kind of tax that countries charge on goods coming into the country. This makes goods imported from outside the group more expensive than goods from within the group.
A)Many additional jobs were created when the European Community established its headquarters in Brussels
B)Another example is ASEAN, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations
C)The main way this is done is by the member countries agreeing to a common external tariff
D)NATO is completely different because it is a purely military grouping
E)European Community citizens can move about freely between the member countries

107-Alien Ginsberg, who died in 1997 in New York, formed the Beat Generation of the 1950s along with William Burroughs and Jack Kerouac. Ginsberg first captured public attention in 1956 with 'Howl', a long poem that raged against a conformist society. ………… . These non-conformist activities para1el his work, for which he drew his inspiration from yoga, Buddhism, Native American mysticism, and Torah, and U.S. poets like William Carlos Williams.
A)He was active in both the hippie and anti-war movements
B)Some people consider them to have been the forerunners of the hippies
C)It was the Vietnam. War that brought about the counter-cultural movement known as the hippies
D)Rock groups like the Beatles and the Rolling Stones all joined in the counter-culture movement
E)Burroughs and Kerouac were novelists

108-Captain Matthew Webb swam the English Channel from Dover to Calais, ……….. . For 22 hours, he swam the high seas. Although he lived to tell about it, he was not so lucky eight years later, when he drowned trying to swim the Niagara River.
A)becoming the first person to do so without a life Jacket
B)while sitting aboard a 75-foot French-made yacht
C)unfortunately, he had a fatal accident on the return trip to Calais
D)and managed to accomplish this in less than half a day
E)eight years before a similar achievement on the Niagara River

109-Luigi Galvani was an Italian physiologist who investigated the relationship between electrical currents and animal tissue. ........, and so is the galvanometer, an instrument which is used to detect and measure electrical currents.
A)He invented the first practical electrical switches
B)The verb “galvanize" is derived from his name
C)He was arrested for animal cruelty in 1798
D)He learnt how electricity is related to nerves
E)The Catholic Church condemned Galvani's activities

110-........ . Very occasionally it can get completely out of control, as it did in Germany in the 192Os, when people had to take baskets full of notes to buy a loaf of bread. In China in the 1930s, people eating in restaurants always paid before they ate, in case the price of the meal rose as they were eating. Today, no place in the world is quite that bad, but inflation can be a serious problem for people on fixed incomes, like those living on a pension.

A)A police state is one in which democracy does not exist and people have few or no personal freedoms
B)"Deflation", the opposite of inflation, refers to a fall in prices, but is a very unusual situation
C)There are several examples in history of completely militarised societies
D)A situation where prices keep rising is called "inflation"
E)Money has no value in itself; it is only valuable as a medium of exchange

111-People once thought that the Earth was flat and that you could fall off the edge. Most of us now think of the planet as a sphere, although it is more accurately described as an "oblate spheroid", being flattened at the poles and bulging at the Equator. …………. . On the other hand, unlike an onion, each layer of the Earth is made of a different material.

A)Though this flattening and bulging can be measured. it cannot be seen from a spacecraft
B)It is quite useful to think of the Earth, as being rather like an onion, that is, a ball made of different layers
C)The Earth is sometimes compared to an onion, but onions tend to be pointed rather than flattened at the "poles"
D)A lemon, for example, is just the opposite shape from that of the Earth
E)If you were to slice the Earth down the middle, it would not, in fact, look anything like an onion

112-When there are too many predators, not enough resources and a great deal of competition, an animal population dies .............. . This can be just as bad. Such a population explosion happened when the brown tree snake arrived on Guam in the cargo of a military plane 50 years ago. The ecosystem was not ready for the reptilian assault, and the snake had no natural competitors or enemies there. As a result, virtually every songbird on Guam has been eaten by the snakes.

A)A number of species have become extinct within living memory
B)But when the opposite occurs, the population explodes
C)No one likes to see an animal population die out
D)Mankind can help protect endangered species
E)This sort of pattern is often found in small environments like islands

113-Once upon a time in Britain, food was something you simply ate. Industrialised early, Britain became a country of cities and factories well before the continent, and Britons got used to eating from tins. In the 40s and 50s, 15 years of war rations solidified the tradition. Food was eaten, but it was not talked about. ……….. . Food has become a -------- obsession.
A)It will probably always be that way
B)We know from novels that the British ate more interesting things before the industrial age
C)Nevertheless, English cheeses are not as bad
D)Most people feel that the less said about English food, the better
E)However, now the British seem to talk about nothing else.

114-Niagara Falls, on the Canada-USA border, must be one of the most photographed spots in the world. ……… . The Horseshoe Falls on the Canadian side of the border is much the larger of the two. As the name indicates, it is a large semicircle. The American Falls, slightly higher than the Horseshoe Falls, is almost in a straight line. Nineteen times as much water flows over the Canadian falls as over the American ones.
A)People have gone over Niagara Falls in a barrel as a stunt
B)One reason is that it is a favourite honeymoon spot
C)It is actually two separate waterfalls
D)The border between the US and Canada is said to be the longest unguarded border in the world
E)Some scientists are worried about the effects of erosion on the falls

115-A mineral can be regarded as a solid material with a fixed chemical composition and having elements that are similar throughout. This is how minerals differ from rocks. ……….. . Granite, for example, is made up mostly of three minerals - quartz, feldspar and mica. These three minerals, however, are not always present in the same quantities.
A)Minerals always have the same composition and structure, while rocks are usually made up of a mixture of minerals
B)It is particularly interesting to note that about half the Earth's crust is made up of oxygen
C)Except for agricultural products, most of our raw materials come from minerals found in rocks
D)One of the first things you might notice about a mineral is its colour, though this can be misleading
E)Analysing such bodies as meteorites, we find that the Earth is probably largely made up of iron, oxygen, silicon and magnesium in that order

116-Branches of the same family, the Czechs and the Slovaks speak similar tongues. Slovaks endured Hungarian rule for most of their history; Czechs enjoyed power and influence before bending to Habsburg control. …….. . In the "velvet Revolution" of 1989, they rejoiced in the same victory over 41 years of Communist rule. Yet barely two years later, they had sued for a "velvet divorce", splitting the country into the Czech and Slovak Republics.
A)Hitler invaded part of Czechoslovakia in World War II
B)At one time, a part of the present-day Ukraine was included in Czechoslovakia
C)The most famous Czech literary figure is 'The Good Soldier Schveik"
D)After World War I, a free nation composed of the two of them, Czechoslovakia, was created
E)Religion is said to be more important for the Slovaks than for the Czechs

117-ln the year 1906, San Francisco was wrecked by an earthquake. The earthquake was the result of movement along the San Andreas Fault, which runs for almost 1300 kilometres along the west coast of America. It seems as if the whole floor of the Pacific Ocean was shifted northwards by a distance of about 6 metres. ………. . A great deal of the damage was, however, not caused directly by the earthquake itself, but by the flees that raged as gas mains were severed.
A)Tokyo is another city which often suffers from earthquakes
B)It is very likely that the San Andreas Fault may move again
C)Architectural advances have meant that there are more and more earthquake-proof buildings
D)This apparently small lateral movement of rock was enough to kill 700 people and to cause a huge amount of damage
E)Earthquakes are shockwaves that spread out in all directions from the source when rocks are suddenly and violently disturbed

118-Pyramids have been built in many parts of the world, but the most famous are in Egypt. …….. . Known as the Step Pyramid because of its unusual stepped shape, it was the world's first large all-stone structure. The largest of the Egyptian pyramids is the Great Pyramid of the pharaoh Cheops at Gisa, which is made of over 2 million stone blocks, each weighing from two to fifteen tons. It took approximately 23 years to build this massive structure.
A)Before this, the dead were buried in smaller stone structures called mastabas
B)The first was built more than four thousand years ago as his tomb by a pharaoh named Zoser
C)Every year thousands of tourists visit the pyramids of Giza
D)Some people believe that pyramids have magical properties
E)The civilisation of ancient Egypt was one of the most stable in world history

119-Alexandra David-Neel spent many years in Tibet and was the first European to visit various parts of that mysterious
land. ………. . However, she never hesitated to push on and continue her travels. Her heroic adventures were fully documented in a number of books and articles she published in English and French.
A)Her husband provided her with money to carry out her explorations
B)As a young person, Alexandra dreamed of travelling to faraway places
C)She was the first European woman who was allowed to meet the Dalai Lama
D)Some of the hardships and hazards she faced were unbelievably difficult
E)She spoke the Tibetan language and often travelled disguised as a peasant woman

120- A defining event of the century came in 1913 when Henry Ford opened his assembly line. Ordinary people could now afford a Model T. From now on, products were mass-produced and mass-marketed, with all the centralisation and conformity that entails. ………. . In reaction to this standardisation, a modernist rebellion against conformity motivated art, music, literature, fashion, and even behaviour for much of the century.
A)Everyone was so happy with this situation that there was no disapproval of it
B)With the ever increasing standard of living, today almost everyone in the United States has a car
C)Products were distributed or broadcast in standard form from central facilities to millions of people
D)This obviously means that almost everyone is happier than ever before
E)Today. countries prefer to concentrate on the production of a few items rather than many

121-Some of the best discoveries are accidental. Until the 18405, for example, rubber was not a very useful material because it was too stiff in cold weather and too soft in hot weather. An American named Charles Goodyear tried to solve this problem by mixing rubber and sulphur, but the experiment failed. ……… . Though he patented the process, which we know today as "vulcanised rubber", it was so simple that many others copied it.
A)One day, he spilt his mixture on a hot stove, and this gave him just the substance he was alter
B)Since he could not create the .substance he wanted, he went bankrupt and died penniless
C)Today he is remembered because of the tyres that bear his name
D)Natural rubber comes from the sap of a tree that has been very carefully cut
E)Then he had an accident and burned himself so badly that he had to stop his search for a long time

122-Before the Presidency of Franklin Delano Roosevelt, the United States had suffered an economic depression roughly every twenty years. This was regarded by business leaders as natural. …………. . Yet the economic stabilisers of the New deal - social security, minimum wage, unemployment compensation, for example - have preserved the country against major depressions for more than half a century. Roosevelt's most significant domestic achievement was to have saved capitalism from the capitalists.
A)Roosevelt was elected president four times, more than any other US president in history
B)Roosevelt's "New Deal" was loudly denounced by these business leaders at the time
C)The Great Depression which began in 1929 was finally ended by World War II
D)Ordinary workers, on the other hand, suffered unemployment and severe hardship
E)A whole folklore has grown up around the economic hard times of the 1930s

123-……….. . Once language had developed, men were able to exchange thoughts and ideas. Perhaps most important of all, they were able to cooperate in improving their living conditions. The written word came after the spoken word, and enabled people to record their thoughts and their discoveries for future generations to study.
A)It is-remarkable that so many different languages have developed in the world
B)Children below the age of puberty are far more able to learn languages than adults are
C)The languages of the world are divided into many different families
D)It's man's ability to communicate that has helped him to progress to his present highly civilised state
E)Experiments have shown that other animals, such as dolphins, are able to communicate using language

124-One of the wonders of modern medicine is spare-part surgery. This enables many of our joints to be replaced by man-made ones of stainless steel alloys, or plastics. A common joint replacement is that of the hip, but others such as elbow, shoulder and knee joints can also be replaced with artificial ones. The materials used in spare-part surgery have to be inert. ……….. . It would be very unpleasant to end up with a rusty hip joint.
A)That is, they mustn't cause the body's natural defences to reject them, and the materials must not corrode
B)People from as recently as a century ago would be amazed by what can be done now
C)Though artificial arms and legs have been common for centuries, these internal replacements are a new innovation
D)Modern surgery is able to cure most kinds of cancer if they are detected early enough
E)In spare parts for household appliances, of course, this is far less important

125-Medicine has been described as an art that makes use of all the sciences. Its purpose is to maintain the body in good health, to relieve pain, mend injury, and help prolong life. ………… . When we are ill, however, we know that we can get expert treatment from our doctors or specialists.
A)In some countries people commonly suffer from diseases that have long been controlled or eradicated in the West
B)Some surgical techniques which we think of as modern were in fact practised by the ancient Egyptians
C)This is perhaps why there is so much controversy today over euthanasia, or "mercy killing"
D)Today most of us take our health for granted, and if we are young, we probably never think about being ill
E)Its development has led to greater life expectancies in most parts of the world

126-Radiocarbon dating works by measuring an object for an element called carbon 14, traces of which are contained in all
organic substances. …………. . This is possible because, although the amount present an living organisms remains nearly constant, when animals and plants die, their level of carbon 14 begins to decrease at a known, fixed rate. Thus the amount of remaining carbon 14 in an object provides a measurement of its age.
A)When it was used on the Turin shroud, supposedly dating from the time of Jesus, it was found to date only from the 13th century
B)Certain religious fundamentalists do not accept radiocarbon dating because it shows the' world to lie older than they believe it to be
C)Archaeologists use radiocarbon dating to discover the age of ancient items
D)Wood from the bristlecone pine has been used to correct the carbon 14 dating system
E)Scientists must be very careful in choosing their samples for radiocarbon dating

127-As anyone who follows rugby football knows, the game in South Africa is hard fought and tough. During the apartheid era, it was the whites-only Springboks, the -------- team, probably more than any other South African institution, which came to symbolise a divided society. ………. . After the Springboks defeated New Zealand in the World Cup final in 1995, South Africa's blacks cheered instead of jeered, and a jubilant Nelson Mandela even wore one of the green and gold Springbok jerseys, once so symbolic of white supremacy.
A)Now a game enjoyed equally by blacks and whites, rugby has helped with the country's reconciliation
B)For much of the apartheid era, South Africa was under an inter-------- sports boycott
C)Cricket is another sport that few blacks in South Africa have played at inter-------- level
D)Today some of the worst officials of the apartheid era are having to answer for their crimes
E)Considering the small population of the islands, Samoa produces a remarkable number of good rugby players

128-……………. . The pessimists complain that the computer revolution has gone about as far as it can go. They argue that the size of the atom - and the electrons that surround it - puts a limit on how many transistors can be squeezed onto the surface of a silicone chip. The optimists believe that chips will keep getting smaller and faster at a predictable rate, traditionally a doubling of capacity every 18 months. Because the optimists have been right, the computer industry has been extremely successful.
A)There are optimists and pessimists in all walks of life
B)Computer engineers speak a language that no one else can understand
C)Originally there were many different kinds of computer operating systems, but now two types dominate the industry
D)Computer scientists tend to fall into two camps: the optimists and the pessimists
E)No one, not even the optimists, predicted the computer revolution of the late 20th century

129-Speaking in public may be more than just terrifying. The stress may be deadly. A new US study has found that people whose hearts show ominous signs of poor circulation during such mental challenges face triple the usual risk of death in the years to come. Often people with bad hearts suffer chest pain during physical exertion. The reason for this is obvious. …………….. . Over the past decade, however, it has become clear that mental exertion can also overwork the heart, although often without pain.

A)People with high risk factors should have regular checkups
B)Smoking is another risk factor for heart patients
C)This creates a problem since it is important that heart patients get an appropriate amount of exercise
D)Their clogged arteries cannot supply enough blood to their heart muscle
E)Everyone who has ever had to give a speech has probably suffered from a certain amount of nervousness

130-Globally, tuberculosis is among the biggest killers of young people and adults. In India, half a million people die from the disease each year. ………….. , when India adopted a strategy known as DOTS, or "directly observed treatment strategy" to combat the disease. DOTS involves an intensive system of monitoring and supervision which tracks the diagnosis, progress and outcome of every patient treated.

A)One reason is that homes often have no chimneys as a way to conserve heat
B)However, the death rate has come down dramatically since the 1 980s
C)In Japan, tuberculosis has always been considered an extremely romantic way to die
D)A chest X-ray can reveal spots, or dots on the lungs, which are an early symptom of tuberculosis
E)A new strategy can bring down the death rate quite dramatically

131-In Britain, about two million people, most of whom are drivers, are so seriously illiterate that they cannot read a road sign. Twenty percent of all Britons are unable to read something so basic as the Yellow pages. …………… . Yet the problem is significant among young people too. One in five 19-year-olds have such difficulty in reading and writing that all but unskilled work is closed to them. In all of Europe, only Poland and Ireland have lower literacy rates.

A)People over 55 are the most seriously affected with illiteracy
B)This is a problem among young people as well as older people
C)In some schools, metal detectors are used to make sure students do not have guns
D)In spite of the difficulty of its language, Japan has one of the highest literacy rates in the world
E)This means they will have trouble phoning the places they need to phone

132-Thailand is an immensely fertile land and the society has traditionally drawn strength from agriculture. For the visitor, the fascination with this agricultural society lies in the enormous variety of fruits, vegetables, spices and flowers that are cultivated. …………. . Indeed, it has been recognised in the last few years that Thai food ranks as one of the world's great culinary arts.

A)Orchids are particularly beautiful in Thailand
B)Excellent fruit is cheap and abundant at all times of the year
C)Historically, the north-eastern part of Thailand has been known for livestock production
D)It is the availability of such a variety of fresh produce that makes Thai cuisine so rich and varied
E)For more than a century, rice has been the leading export, followed at a distance by rubber

133-…………. . Wet, well-washed hands can transmit as many as 60,000 bacteria, while dry, well-washed hands transmit just 200. Moisture is a perfect vehicle for microorganisms, and as it's impossible to get hands perfectly clean by washing anyway, it's better to prevent the spread of germs by drying hands properly.
A)Many people have had flu this winter and doctors are advising us to take preventative measures
B)In most modern cultures, people prefer to bath or shower at least once a day to keep clean
C)Drying your hands thoroughly is more important for hygiene than careful washing
D)If you wash using a good soap, you should be able to get your hands completely clean
E)From a young age, children should be taught to wash their hands before they eat anything

134-…………… . Had it not been for the friendly Indians, the colonists would never have survived the terrible winters. From them, they learnt to build canoes for water transportation, and to make snowshoes and toboggans for winter travelling. It was also from the Native Americans that they learnt of the typical foods such as maize, squash, beans, and pumpkins.
A)The British first arrived in India in the late 16th century
B)The Spanish conquerors were interested in only one thing: gold
C)Though the winters in the northern parts of North America can be harsh, they are no worse than those in parts of northern Europe
D)When the Europeans in America began to move west, they drove the native Americans before them, taking their land as they went
E)When the English settlers first arrived in North America, the hardships they experienced were totally unexpected

135-The plant cyclamen is known as "shepherd's soap."………… . They would take the bulbs of the plant, cut them into pieces and rub their clothes with them. The stuff in the plants worked in the same way that today's detergents do.
A)Despite the abundance of the flowers, it is worth taking a close look at one of the cyclamen
B)The cyclamen also contains a poisonous material which was known and used by the Romans
C)Cyclamen leaves were often used in the past, before the plant became a protected species
D)The cyclamen bulb contains a foaming material which villagers used to wash their clothes
E)The legend says after the destruction of the temple in Jerusalem, the cyclamen bowed their heads in mourning

136-Alan still held the frying pan in his hand. The whites of his eyes glinted in the light of the oil lamp. ………., but at that moment his son, Peter, came into the room, and Alan lowered the pan and rearranged his face into a less manic pattern. His wife, Esther, took the frightened look off her face, straightened up, and smiled at her son maternally.

A)Peter was six foot two, some six inches taller than his father and had short blond hair
B)It seemed for a moment that he was going to throw the omelette full into his wife's face
C)The washing up seemed to continue without end, and the pan Just wouldn't come clean
D)He was trying to decide exactly what he should cook for dinner and how to prepare it
E)The school uniform he was obliged to wear did not succeed in making him look like a child

137-………. .The former, an instrumental style used for early forms of modern social dancing, flourished from the early 1890s to 1910. The blues was a vocal style of music developed in the late 1800s. This usually consisted of a sad song, sung by a single voice in slow time. In the early 19005 blues singers were accompanied by ragtime bands. This combination of styles became jazz.

A)America has produced many interesting types of music
B)The saxophone and the trumpet play an important role in music
C)New Orleans in the US was the birthplace of blues music
D)Folk music in America has had an interesting history
E)The immediate sources of Jazz are ragtime and blues

138-………….. . It costs nearly a million dollars, and is more expensive to run than Concorde. There are just 10 of them in Britain and fewer than a hundred in the world. It is the only car for use on public roads to be designed with a limitless budget. With its six-litre V-12 engine it reaches 96 kilometres per hour in just 3 seconds and has an astonishing speed of 384 kph.

A)The world's most expensive car is the McLaren Fl
B)A private helicopter, while more convenient, is more expensive than a private plane
C)Though it is expensive a private plane is a reasonable option for rich and busy businessmen
D)The hydrofoil is one of the latest Innovations in public transport
E)This is one of the few original works by Leonardo da Vinci still in existence

139-"The Lost World" Is the title of an adventure story written by the late Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, creator of
Sherlock Holmes. ……… . There they found and battled with the dinosaur- the Stegosaurus, the Brontosaurus and various other creatures that had mysteriously survived in this primitive land.

A)He wrote the book after he travelled to a number of Pacific Islands, including the Galapagos Islands
B)There is a part of Venezuela now known as The Lost World which is full of strange animals
C)It tells of a group of people who explored a wilderness in which man had never before set foot
D)'The Lost World," however, failed to sell well so Doyle returned to writing detective fiction
E)Sherlock Holmes is a marvellous amateur detective who always unravels the most baffling mysteries

140-When the pre-Raphaelites became part of the British art scene in the mid-19th century, they became the most talked-about movement in contemporary culture. The popularity of the style of such leading male artists as Dante Gabriel Rossetti, Edward Burne-Jones and others is greater now than ever . …………. . It is now time for a reassessment of these forgotten artists.
A)Christina Rossetti. a notable poet of the time was the model for many paintings by her brother Dante and his artist friends
B)Some of their images are truly unforgettable
C)Their works are reproduced on calendars posters and even on plates and saucers
D)But despite the crucial role that women artists played in the movement, their achievement has largely been ignored
E)After the Impressionists they are probably the best-remembered artists of the 19th century

141-In many parts of Asia folk jewellery the most dazzling expression of material culture, has disappeared in the wake of modernisation. In Nepal, however, where the Himalayas have formed a barrier to outsiders for centuries, native jewellery traditions remain strong. ……….. . Lavish pieces, are worn to celebrate marriage or promote fertility, while amulets are worn to fight off negative influences.
A)A rich artistic and cultural tradition has developed that often includes both Hindu and Buddhist themes
B)There, Jewellery is usually worn for decoration. or as a religious expression
C)This is an important attraction for tourists
D)In Kathmandu, the capital of Nepal. Hindus and Buddhists often worship at the same temples
E)In neighbouring Tibet, Jewellery is often made of coral, since centuries ago Tibet was actually at the bottom of the sea

142-……….. . At first, actors had to manage with crude, makeshift stages in ruins or barns, but it soon turned out that their efforts were well worth the hardships. It seemed as if the whole nation was turning to the theatre for advice and comfort in the midst of the catastrophe that had come down on them.
A)The Allied conquest of Germany resulted in the destruction of most public buildings
B)German authors returned from exile with poems and novels ready in their bags
C)By 1953 no fewer than 168 new theatres had been opened in western Germany
D)The public had developed a strong craving for whatever the outside world could offer
E)Almost immediately after the defeat in 1945 a rebirth of German theatre began


143-One of the dominating astronomical discoveries of the 20th century was the realisation that the galaxies of the universe all seem to be moving away from us. ……….. . In other words, the universe seems to be expanding. Hence, scientists conclude that the universe must once, very long ago, have been extremely compact and dense.
A)The explosion of matter giving birth to the universe is called the Big Bang
B)As a result of all this movement, the universe seems to be getting smaller
C)Scientists do not know if there is a limit to this pattern of movement
D)It turned out that they are not just moving away from us, but also from each other
E)As yet, scientists have not been able to understand what this motion means

144-King Arthur was the king of Britain in what is known as the Arthurian legend. ………….. . However, it is probable that, of the many persons who figure in the Arthurian legend, he is the only one who actually may have done so. If so, he was born in the late 400s, was king and led the Britons in war against the invading Anglo-Saxons
A)These are the stories of the knights of the Round Table
B)There is little evidence to say that he existed
C)Storytellers have been telling these stories for hundreds of years
D)This cycle of stories comes from Celtic mythology
E)He was married to Queen Guinevere and had a magic sword

145-At the top of the world lie not one pole, but two. ……….. . This pole is not fixed, but slowly wanders. Today it is on Prince William Island, an area rich in minerals, forests and animal life. The other, the geographic North Pole, on end of the axis on which the Earth spins , is in a wilderness of ice and snow, a dead region which can barely support life.
A)One is the Magnetic North Pole, to which all compass needles point
B)Finally, in 1909, an American, Robert Peary, readied the Pole
C)The same is true of the Antarctic regions, where there are two south poles
D)The centre of this vast ice-covered Arctic Ocean is known as the Pole of inaccessibility
E)It is not land at all, but a thin crust of ice over the Arctic Ocean

146-In the past, among the English aristocracy, it was the custom to present boys with a sword and a set of pipes when they came of age. But the pipes were not new when the boy received them. ………… . Over the years they matured, losing the bitter taste of the wood and improving their ability to absorb the nicotine. So by the time the boy was old enough to smoke, he was the proud possessor of a set of fine mature pipes.
A)On the other hand, the sword was always brand new and specially designed
B)The boys were not regarded as mature enough to deserve a new set of pipes
C)Boys who chose to smoke before coming of age had to smoke cigarettes
D)They were bought when the child was born and handed to a servant to smoke
E)This was in case the young man decided he didn't want to be a pipe smoker

147-Palmistry experts claim the hand is a 'road map' for life events. ………….. . If it goes straight up to the middle finger, success will be slow but sure. If it curves to run parallel with another line, expect a major change by your 30s. If it curves towards your index finger you are career-driven and if it curves towards your ring finger, you are extrovert
A)This is similar to other methods of telling the future, such as the reading of coffee grounds
B)Your life line, your head line and your heart line are some of the important lines in palmistry
C)To find your fate line, study your writing hand and find the line running from the base up
D)The length, depth and direction of the lines on your hand all provide information about you
E)Whether this is true or not is arguable, but studying the lines on your hand can be enjoyable

148-…………. . This instrument breaks down the light in a star into its component colours. Each colour represents one element that has become incandescent; that is, it has become so hot that it gives off light. Through the use of the spectroscope, it has been found that stars, including the Sun, have 66 of the 92 elements found on the Earth.
A)in this respect, stars differ from the moon and planets, which shine only by reflecting the Sun's light
B)Telescopes and sensitive photographic plates show that there are many millions of stars
C)The composition of the Sun, as well as that of other stars, is determined by means of a spectroscope
D)Because these elements have been heated to incandescence, stars are said to be self-luminous
E)In addition to the 92 naturally-occurring elements, twenty others have been produced in laboratories

149-………… . Instead, it ended in tragedy just 27 minutes after the chartered commuter plane took off from Montreal's Dorval Airport on June 18. By the time the plane came to a fiery halt after an emergency landing at Mirabel Airport, there appeared little the rescue workers could do. Although fire-fighters managed to put out the flames, all 11 people on board died.
A)It was to have been a routine flight from Montreal to Peterborough for a group of engineers
B)Nine minutes alter take-off, the pilot Jean Provencher, radioed air traffic with engine trouble
C)What is now clear is that the passengers and crew of Flight 420 faced a truly horrible ordeal
D)It was the worst aeroplane crash in Canada since 1989, when 24 people died in Dryden, Ontario
E)The pilot reported ten minutes later that the plane's left engine had suddenly burst into flame

150-Last year, when be was passing through a crisis, my Uncle Ben showed me a cartoon by Charles Addams. ……….. . I didn't feel like analysing the carton. He insisted. He talked about it with such enthusiastic interest that I felt like having the thing framed for his birthday. Hang it on the wall and be done with it. I thought.
A)I was looking forward to visiting him again sometime
B)Uncle had been having a lot of problems since his wife had died in an accident at work
C)My uncle was none other than Benjamin Crader, the world famous botanist
D)What he meant was that I had been born and had grown up in France, outside Paris
E)It was an ordinary cartoon, good for a smile, but Uncle wanted to discuss it in depth

151-Six times as many young people kill themselves in Canada's North-western territories than in the rest of the country. However, youth suicide was almost unknown until the 197Os. There is a reasonable explanation as to the causes of this increase. The majority of people who live in this sparsely populated province are of either Inuit Eskimo or Dene Indian descent. ................... . They are now living in permanent settlements, jobs are scarce and the sense of worthlessness which youngsters feel all too often leads to depression.
A)In Inuit society, the elderly might wander off to save their families from the burden of caring for them
B)Although this people of the north are widely called Eskimos, the name they use for themselves is Inuit
C)The premier's brother committed suicide in October 1979, after being sent to prison for theft
D)After four Inuit boys killed themselves within 3 months in 1988, volunteers set up a crisis line
E)The changes these traditionally nomadic people have had to face has caused huge social disruption

152-……….. . Indeed, in 1783, volcanic eruptions destroyed nearly 9000 lives - an overwhelming disaster. The largest volcano in the country, Hekla, in the south, has made the nearby countryside a desert, owing to the dust and boiling lava that it hurls out from time to time. Its last great eruption occurred in 1845.
A)Iceland's active volcanoes have always been a threat
B)Iceland's natural wonders include geysers and hot springs
C)Around the coast of Iceland, there are many islands
D)Most volcanoes have a conical shape and some form islands
E)A volcano is a mountain formed by the eruption of lava

153-The map of the London Underground, which can be seen on every train, on all stations, on the back of the London A-Z guide, on tea cloths on sale at the London Transport Museum, on posters, in diaries and in various other places, has been called a model of its kind, a work of art. ………… . They paid him £5.25 for it.
A)It represents the Underground as a geometric grid, and is not done accurately to scale
B)The tube lines do not, of course, lie at right angles to each other like Manhattan's streets
C)It was designed by Henry Beck and first used by London Transport on posters in 1933
D)It has been reproduced in millions and served as a model for metro maps all over the world
E)London's famous Victoria Station is named after Queen Victoria

154-……. . From there, waves of these Indo-European tribes began to wander southeast into Iran and India, southwest to the Balkans and western Europe and northwards to Scandinavia. Wherever they went, the Indo-Europeans assimilated with the local culture, although their language came to play an important role.
A)The ancient Indian Veda scriptures and Greek philosophy are written in related languages
B)By Indo-Europeans, we mean all the nations and cultures that use Indo-European languages
C)English and Hindi are both Indo-European languages, while neither Turkish nor Finnish are
D)About 49000 years ago, the Indo-Europeans lived in areas bordering the Black and Caspian Seas
E)The culture of the Indo-Europeans was influenced most of all by their belief in many gods

Answer Key

101E 102C 103B 104E 105A 106C 107A 108A 109B 110D 111B 112B 113E 114C 115A 116D 117D 118B 119D 120C 121A 122B 123D 12DA 125D 126C 127A 128D 129D 130B 131A 132D 133C 134E 135D 136B 137E 138A 139C 140D 141B 142E 143D 144B 145A 146D 147C 148C 149A 150E 151E 152A 153C 154D